Medical visualization is the valuable addition to the test with the PTsR method for confirmation of COVID-19. Typical signs at visualization meet at patients with this pathology, especially when carrying out a computer tomography. In this article we will consider use of the computer tomography (CT) for confirmation of COVID-19.
KT of easy patients with COVID-19 can be estimated on the following characteristics: existence blackout as "opaque glass", consolidation existence, a lateralnost of blackouts as "opaque glass" and consolidations, quantity of the struck shares at which is present or "the opaque glass", or turbidity of the consolidation field, degree of the involvement of each pulmonary share in addition to the general degree of the involvement of lungs measured on "the general scale of weight", existence of small knots, existence of a pleural exudate, existence of the thoracic lymphadenopathy (determined as the size of lymph nodes of ≥10 mm by a short axis), anomalies of respiratory tracts (including a thickening of walls of respiratory tracts, a bronchiectasia and endolyuminalny allocations), the axial distribution of a disease (classified as lack of axial distribution of a disease, the dominating disease of the central "peribronkhovaskulyarny" bodies or the peripheral dominating disease) and existence of a basic disease of lungs, such as emphysema or fibrosis.
Above-mentioned characteristics of KT involved great attention from outside of the practicing doctors. One of early symptoms of COVID-19, the blackout as "opaque glass" defined as foggy attenuation in pulmonary fabric with saving drawings of bronchial tubes and areas vasculosa which can be seen on a computer tomography of a thorax is.
Han and other authors concerning early manifestations of pneumonia at COVID-19 noted that in tomographic pictures early symptoms represent effect of "opaque glass" with consolidation of pulmonary fabric or without, mainly in a peripheral zone, followed by a nimbus symptom, a thickening of vessels, a symptom of "cobblestone road" or symptoms of "an air bronkhogramma". Salehi and others carried out the system overview of results of visualization at COVID-19 and came to a conclusion that they at an intermediate stage of a disease of blackout as "opaque glass" are inclined to increase by quantity and the size and often gradually turn into multifocal consolidation turbidity. In process of recovery of the patient will be absorbed consolidation turbidity, fibrous strips will be formed, and affected areas of lungs will be restored. Also Wu with coauthors investigated 80 patients with the diagnosis of COVID-19 and found out that at 73% of patients with clinical manifestations (for example, cough and fever) several typical signs of visualization, such as thickening of an interlobar partition, effect of "opaque glass" and consolidation were also revealed. Also vasodilatations were recorded.
In addition to effect of "opaque glass", one of the most widespread radiological phenomena received at thorax KT is the bilateral syndrome of "focal shadows in the pulmonary field". During two researches the percentage of bilateral pathology of lungs at patients with COVID-19 was investigated. At calculation of percentage of involvement in pathological ̆ process of everyone ̆ from five shares ̆ lungs bilateral pathology was established almost in all cases at patients with COVID-19.
Typical results of the KT-research the patients who are in intensive care unit and resuscitation had bilateral multilobulyarny consolidations and subsegment sites of consolidation. Consolidation and a pneumosclerosis are also typical signs at KT at a peak stage of COVID-19.
During the research of patients with COVID-19, specialists came to a conclusion that defeats with consolidation can serve as either a marker of progressing of a disease, or a marker more severe disease. It is revealed that consolidation meets at pregnant women more often.
Also a number of authors established that infection of COVID-19 can increase risk of development of a pneumosclerosis, and assumed that fibrosis can become a serious complication at patients with COVID-19. It means that doctors need to know about possibility of a pneumosclerosis at patients with COVID-19. Multiple defeats and a pattern of "cobblestone road" also often meet at patients with COVID-19, even at an initial stage of a disease. At the same time in KT-pictures the multiple centers, but not single are visible. It is considered that at an early stage of a disease, the virus more likely "interferes" in branches of the right lower lobar bronchus and causes an infection.
Thus, it is possible to draw a conclusion that the computer tomography is one of the main diagnostic methods for identification of COVID-19.